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Biologists and social scientists generally differ substantially in their perception of what it means to be human: the former typically emphasize the role of biology (not surprisingly), whereas the latter concentrate on culture; sometimes the disparity is so great that each side almost literally denies the significance of the other. Nearly everyone, however, agrees that the species Homo sapiens is unusual – if not unique - among animals, and also that we are in real trouble, in many respects. In my lecture, I’ll argue that both sides are correct (insofar as we are the products of both biological and cultural evolution), and, moreover, that the species-wide difficulties faced by human beings are largely due to the growing disparity between these two factors: biological evolution (the tortoise) on the one hand, and cultural evolution (the hare) on the other.